定语从句

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the Attributive Clause(定语从句)

概念：修饰名词或代词的从句。通常放在名词或代词之后。

The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.

先行词

关系词

定语从句

连接作用

在从句中充当成分

指代前面的先行词（关系代词）

关系词

关系代词

关系副词

When where why

that

who

which

whose

whom

（人、物）

（主、宾）

（物）

（主、宾）

（人）

（主、宾）

（人）

（宾）

（人、物）

定语

“XXXXXXXXXX的 ” 之后有名词

=介词+关系代词

(状语)

whose +n=the +n +of which/whom

关系代词作宾语时可以省略

(主/宾)

why= for +which

I don’t believe the reason he explained just now.

I don’t know the reason he was late.

that/which

why

1.空白处在定语从句中所做的成分，确定是关系代词还是关系副词。

2.看先行词是表示人、物、时间、地点、原因等。

★★★

1. I will never forget the day we spent together.

I will never forget the day I joined the army.

2. This is the school I studied before.

This is the school we visited last year.

which/that

when

which/that

where

The Non-Restrictive

Attributive Clause

非限制性定语从句

The girl who is under the tree is my sister.

站在树下的 那个女孩儿是我的妹妹。

I like LuXun, who is a famous writer.

我喜欢鲁迅，他是一位著名的作家。

1.限制性定语从句:从句和先行词的关系十分密切,

写时不用逗号和主句分开。

非限制性定语从句：从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。

2. 限制性定语从句: 常翻译为先行词的前置定语。

非限制性定语从句：常翻译为另一个分句。

3.限制性定语从句：是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,

如果去掉, 主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。

非限制性定语从句：从句和主句的关系并不十分切只

是对先行词做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思

仍然清楚

。

非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：

1.关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句

3.关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句

2.指人作主语时某某who, 宾语用whom

1.Football, that is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.

2.The old man has a son, whom is a doctor

★★★

4.which 引导非限制性定语从句既可以指代名词或代词也可以指代前面句子的意思。

He didn’t pass the exam, which made his parents angry.

which

who

Practice(练习)：

1. (09宁夏海南28) She brought with her three friends, none of _____ I had ever met before.

A. them B. who C. whom D. these

2. They will fly to Washington, ____ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008重庆)

A. where B. there C. which D. when

3. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.

A. whom B. who C. which D. that

4. He talked a lot about things and persons _______they remembered in the school.

A. which B. that C. whom D. what

5.That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What

C

A

C

B

C

6.As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.

which B. where C. what D. that

7.My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.

which B. that C. where D. it

8 All the neighbors admire this family， the parents are treating their child like a friend.?

A. why B. where C. which D. that

A

A

B

As既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以引导非限制性定语从句

as引导的定语从句

as 是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、或表语。

1.as引导限制性定语从句

常某某the same...as, such... as , as... as和so...as

结构中。as 引导的定语从句常采用省略形式。

This is such a difficult problem as I can’t work out.

2.as引导非限制性定语从句

Smoking is harmful to one’s health, as we know

As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.

as, which 非限定性定语从句区别

as和which一般都可以非限定性定语从句在从句中作主语或宾语。

He married her, which/as was natural．

I was very useful to him, which/as he realized

as和which区别:

1.as 因此as可以放在句首、句末, 也可以插入主句中, 而which指前面提到的事实或情况, 一般放在主句之后

This machine, as might be expected, has stopped operating．

2. As 含有正如、按照、正像之意, as 一般用

在肯定句中, 而 which 则可以用于含否定

意义的中，

He failed in the exam again, as was expected.

He failed in the exam again, which was unexpected．

3. 当关系代词代表主句引起的结果，又做主谓宾补结构中的主语时，多用which, 如：

He saw the girl, which delighted him．

He didn’t pass the exam, which made

his mother angry．

4. 下列固定结构, 一般不能用which, 如：

　as has been said before 如前所述

　as often happens 正像经常发生的那样

　as is well known 众所周知

　as will be shown in Fig 3 将如图3所示

　as we know 正如我们知道的那样

　as may be imagined 这可以想象得出来

　as we all can see 正如我们大家看到的那样

as follows 如下

as 和 which 的区别

as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语，或宾语。

e.g. He married her, which/as was natural．

　 I was very useful to him, which/as he realized．

as和which区别:

1.as 既可以可以放在句首、句末, 也可以插入主句中, 而which指前面提到的事实或情况, 一般放在主句之后。

This machine, as might be expected, has stopped

operating

2. As 含有正如、按照、正像之意, as 一般用

在肯定句中, 而 which 则可以用于含否定

意义的句子中，如：

He failed in the exam again, as was expected.

He failed in the exam again, which was

unexpected．

3. 当关系代词代表主句引起的结果，又做主谓宾补结构中的主语时，多用which, 如：

He saw the girl, which delighted him．

He didn’t pass the exam, which made his mother angry

4. 下列固定结构, 一般不能用which, 如：

　as has been said before 如前所述

　as often happens 正像经常发生的那样

　as is well known 众所周知

　as will be shown in Fig 3 将如图3所示

　as we know 正如我们知道的那样

　as may be imagined 这可以想象得出来

　as we all can see 正如我们大家看到的那样

as follows 如下[全文已结束，注意以上仅为全文的文字预览，不包含图片和表格以及排版]

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