kjyt定语从句
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定语从句
The Attributive Clause
定语
修饰名词或代
词的成分叫定语
通常用形容词或
形容词性短语来充当
a beautiful flower
a tall boy
beautiful
tall
定语从句
从广义上来说
就是将定语与
从句结合到一起
标准定义：
修饰名词或代词
的句子叫定语从句
This is the best film that I have seen.
the best film
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：
My sister, who is twenty, works in
a bank.
The man who came here yesterday has
come again.
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，
如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从
句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先
行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
The girl who is in Shanghai will come back next week.
The girl, who is in Shanghai, will come back next week.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上：
有逗号分开
意思上：
去掉后无影响
限制性定语从句
形式上：
无逗号
意思上：
不能省
先行词
定语从句中定语所修饰的名词或代词
This is the best film that I have seen.
the best film
先行词
关系词
包含关系代词和关系副词
作用：
@充当成分 ：做主、宾、定、状成分
@代替先行词：指代上词内容
@引导定语从句：连接主句和从句，相当于一连词
This is the best film that I have seen.
that
关系词
啥时用关系代词啥时用关系副词呀！！！
选用关系词，需要看两点：
1.看先行词
2. 看关系词在从句中充当的成分。
做主语，宾语，定语，表语
做状语用
关系代词
关系副词
引导定语从句的关系代词
that which who whom whose
that即指人又指物, 作主语或宾语。
which指物, 作主语或宾语。
who, whom指人, who作主语,
whom作宾语。
that, which, whom在定语从句中
作宾语时, 可省去。
The man will succeed.
He has a positive attitude.
The man will succeed.
who has a positive attitude
who 代替人
在定语从句中作主语或宾语
练习：用定语从句连成一个句子
The girl is a singer.
(定)The girl is sitting in the corner.
The girl
is a singer.
who is sitting in the corner
who
练习：用定语从句连成一个句子
He is the man.
(定)The man wants to speak to you.
He is the man who wants to speak to you.
who
whom代替人在定语从句中作宾语
作宾语时whom可以省略
This is the person.
(定)I talked to the person just now.
This is the person
whom I talked to just now.
This is the person
to whom I talked just now.
whom
I have many friends.
(定)I send postcards to my friends before
their birthday.
I have many friends whom I send
postcards to before their birthday.
I have many friends to whom I send
postcards before their birthday.
练习：用定语从句连成一个句子
whom
who
which指代物,在定语从句中既可作主语也可作宾语
作宾语时which可省略
Thinking is the key.
The key opens the doors of the world.
Thinking is the key
which opens the
doors of the world.
Don’t expect people to do things.
(定)You wouldn’t do the things yourself.
Don’t expect people to do things
you wouldn’t do yourself.
which
which
关系副词when, where, why
when
when可用in/on/at/during + which
代替
I still remember the day.
(定)I first met him on the day.
I still remember the day on which
I first met him.
when
which
where
where可用in/on/at/to + which代替
The dictionary is the only place.
(定)Success comes before work
in the dictionary.
The dictionary is the only place in which
success comes before work.
where
which
ABC
America is the country.
I was born in the country.
America is the country in which I was born.
which.
where
BBC
Beijing is the city in which I was born.
where
=American born Chinese
=Beijing born Chinese
who
whom
which
that
whose
as
when
where
why
time
place
reason
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
on the top of the hills
talk to the student
look after the baby
先行词在从句中作宾语时,引导词可省略
Please fill in the blanks, using the pronouns above.
This is the baby________________ I shall look after tomorrow.
The student to __________ you talked just now is a good football player.
My family climbed up the hills on the top of ________ we had a picnic before.
He still lives in the room ________ window faces to the east.
(who/whom/that )
whom
which
whose
the room’s window
5. He still lives in the room ___________ is in the north of the city.
6. He still lives in the room __________ there is a beautiful table.
7. I’ll never forget the days_________________ we studied together.
8. I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
9. Do you know the reason _____________ he did not come?
10．The boy _______ mother is dead was brought up by his father.
we spent the days
we studied together during the days
there is a beautiful table in the room
which/ that
(that /which)
why/for which
where/in which
when/ during which
whose
the room is in the northXXXXX
★围绕高考来释难
只用that的情况
1.当先行词是不定代词all much.little.something.
everything.anything.nothing.none.the one时
2.当先行词前面有only.any.few. little.no.all.
very等词修饰时
3.当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形
容词最高级修饰时
4.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时
5.当先行词既有人又有物时
6.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时
7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用
which，另外一个宜用that
反之，如果一个用that另一个用which
只用which 不用that的情况
引导非限制性定语从句时
当关系代词前有介词时
This is the house in he once lived.
先行词是that或those时，引导词用which
That which you told him about is what we want to know
高考链接
My friend showed me round the town, ____was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
解析：A
which 引导非限制性定语从句
which
只能用who的情况
1.先行词one, ones, anyone, all, those指人时引导词用who
All____have studied this question have come to the same conclusion.
A. which B. who C. that D. whom
2.在there be 句型中，先行词指人时
There is a young lady asks for you.
B
who
3.从句中有两个定语从句且都指人时，引导词一个用who 一个用that
The student who was surprised is the monitor that is very modest(谦虚的)
The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.
关系代词whose还可以在从句中
与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。
Note
2. 先行词是人, 从句中缺动词宾语或
介词宾语时, 用whom或that(介词
后不用 that)。
The teacher wants to return the book
to the girl from whom he borrowed it.
He is the student (whom, who, that) you
want to see.
关系代词that, which , whom 在从句中作
宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则
不可省略。
1. The famous basketball star, ____ tried
to make a comeback, attracted a lot of
attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who Key
解析: 本题考察定语从句关联词的选择,
从句意可知先行词the famous basketball
star(著名的篮球明星)是人, 所以应用
表示人的关联词who。
真题解析
D
2. (2006 北京) Women ___drink more than
two cups of coffee a day have a greater
chance of having heart disease than
those ___ don't.
A. who;/???B. /; who??C. who; who???D. /;/
Key: C
解析: 本题考查两个定语从句, 这两个
定语从句都缺少主语, 在定语从句中,
如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语,
关系代词不能省略, 故答案选C。
3. (2006 福建) Look out! Don't get too
close to the house ___ roof is under
repair.
A. whose B. which C. of which D. that
Key A
解析: whose在定语从句中做roof的
定语, 用于修饰house.
4. --Is that the small town you often refer
to?
--Right, just the one ___ you know
I used to work for years. (2005 福建)
A. that B. which C. where D. what
Key C
解析: 从句中you know是插入语, 所以
用where引导表示地点的定语从句。
11. I’ve read all the books ____ you gave me.
12. There is no difficulty ____ can’t be overcome in the world.
13.This is the first thing _______ I want to say.
14. He keeps a record of everything ____ he had seen there.
15. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _____ I have watched this year.
(that)
that
(that)
(that)
(that)
Now finish exercises 11--20
16.Tell us about the people and the places ____ are different from ours.
17. This is the very thing _______ I am after.
18. Any person _______ has the money can join the group.
19. Who is the person _____ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?
20. Which is the star _______ is neares >>>>>>内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。<<<<<< is” or “ and that”. 译为“这一点”。
而as 则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为“正如XXXXX..那样”，且已形成固定结构。 如：as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected. Etc.
eg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist.
As is reported, China has become an important country in the world.
He didn’t come to attend the meeting, as is expected.
Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.
My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.
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