全语法：2010 It的用法

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1. it作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物.

2. it指代时间,季节,距离.

3. it作形式宾语,常某某6123结构中.(think , find, make, believe, …)

4. it作形式主语. 当动名词,不定式,从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语.

5. It is … that….的强调句型.内容提要6123结构"是指用不定式、动名词短语和that引导的从句作宾语，带名词或 形容词作宾补时，使用it作形式宾语的复合宾语结构。6指用于这种结构的个 常用动词think , find , make ,feel, believe, consider．．．；1指形式宾语it；2指作 宾补的名词、形容词；3指作宾语的不定式短语、动名词短语和that引导的宾 语从句。 1．代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 例如：

－Who is the baby? －It’s my teacher’s son．

－Who is that gentleman?

－It’s my friend, Tom．He (不可用It) wants to see you．

【典型例题】 (NMET2001)

The Parkers bought a new house but _____ will

need a lot of work before they can move in.

A. they B. it C. one D. which B2．用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。

◆ It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．

◆ It’s nice and warm here．But it’s two o’clock now, and it’s time for us to go to school．

注意下列几种表示时间的句型 ①.It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...

◆ It’s high time that we left.

②.It is the first ( second ... ) time that ...

◆ It’s the first time that I have been praised.

③.It is .... since ...

◆ It’s three years since they got married.

④.It is / was ... when ...

◆ It was 1949 when the PRC was founded.

⑤.It is / was ... before ...

◆ It will be two years before we meet again.3. We think it important to learn a foreign language.该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。?6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe,

make, find, consider, feel；?1 指的是形式宾语 it；　?2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名

词；?3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短

语, 动名词短语或 that 引导的宾语从句。 ?4. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.?此句型中的真正主语是不定式短语，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词，常见的形容词有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy ,

safe , common , normal , hard , difficult ,

dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant

在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，

如：It is important for her to come to the party.

= It is important that she (should ) come to

the partyIt作形式主语时的几个常见句型:?

①. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.?该句型中的不定式如果须要逻辑主语，则

须要前置介词 of, 而句型中的形容词必须是

能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有：

bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish ,

good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind ,

lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教养的）,

polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong

?这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. ②. It takes sb. ... to do sth.?“做…要花某人…”

◆ It took me ages to repair my computer.

③. It is no good (use ) doing sth.?该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good , no use , no value, no importance …

◆ It’s no use crying over the spilt milk.

④. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ...?＂不论（是否）…没关系…

◆ It doesn’t matter whether he is for my plan or not.⑤. It happens (seems, appears ) that...

◆ It happened that I had seen this problem in some book.

⑥. It is said (reported, learned....) that ...? “据说”（据报道，据悉．．．）

◆ It is said that he has gone to New York to attend a medical meeting.

?⑦. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ...

◆ It is a pity that we have lost the match with a close score.⑧. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ...?记住that 后的从句应用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去．

⑨. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ...?that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省．常某某＂据建议；有命令…） ⑩. It is up to sb. to do sth.

该句型为“该由某人做…”。该句型中 up

后的to是介词。

◆ ?It is up to him to clean our classroom today. 今天应由他做教室清洁。

◆ ?It is up to parents to teach their children manners. 该由父母教孩子礼貌。 5. It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置

于 that 之后．被强调部分可以是主语，宾

语，表语或状语．强调的主语如果是人，

that 可以由 who 换用．如果把这种句型结构

划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子．这也

是与其 它从句区别判断的方法．

注意: It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...? 强某某“直到…才…”，需将 not 置于

until 之前It was about 600 years ago ______ the first clock with face and an hour hand was made． (NMET97，单项填空)A．that　B．until C．before　D．when

____computers play such an important part in our daily life?A．Why it is that　　B．Why is it thatC．Why was it that　 D．Why is it BA3. It was only when I reread his poems recently ____I began to appreciate their beauty．

A．until B．that　C．then　D．so

4. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages______ attracted the audience’s interest.

A. so that B. that C. what D. in whichBB

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