Thesubjunctivemood

以下为《Thesubjunctivemood》的无排版文字预览，完整格式请下载

下载前请仔细阅读文字预览以及下方图片预览。图片预览是什么样的，下载的文档就是什么样的。

The subjunctive mood

虚拟语气

张艳

语气

英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。

不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。

Learning goals

1. Review the different forms of the subjunctive mood

2. Master the structure of the subjunctive mood

3. Do some exercises about the

subjunctive mood3th aim

LearLearning goals

Learning goals

虚拟语气的使用情况

一. 在非真实条件句中，即虚拟条件句

二. 在名词性从句中

三. 在其他句型中

真实条件句：假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。

非真实条件句：表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

一.在非真实条件句中，即虚拟条件句

if 引导的虚拟条件句

①与现在事实相反

②与过去事实相反

③与将来事实可能相反

总结：　if虚拟条件句

1、If+主语+did/were

2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形

3、If+主语+should +动词原形

If+主语+ did/were

主语+would ( should / might / could )＋动词原形

If+主语+had +done

主语 + would ( should / might / could )＋have done

主语+would ( should / might / could )＋动词原形

If I were you,I would seize the chance to go abroad.

If you had taken my advice,you would not have failed in the exam.

If he should not come tomorrow,we would put off the meeting till next Monday.

1. If my father _____ here now, he ______ tell me what to do.

were; would

was; will

had been; would

is; will

Exercise

A

2. If he __________my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.

followed

B. should follow

C. had followed

D. would follow

Exercise

C

3. If I _____ in the 22nd century, I ________ my vacation in a very different way.

should live; would spend

will live; should spend

are living; should have spent

will be living; would have spent

A

1. 错综时间条件句

2. 含蓄条件句

3. if省略句

注意以下几点：

1. 错综时间条件句

1) If you had followed my advice, you would be

better now.

2) If you had studied hard before, you would

be a college student now.

3) If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.

1. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955，the housing problems now in some parts of this country ________ so serious.

A. wouldn’t be

B. will not have been

C. wouldn’t have been

D. would have not been

Exercise

now

in 1955

A

2．－T he weather has been very hot and dry.

－Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _____.

A. wouldn't die B. didn't die

C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died

Exercise

D

had rained

now

1) I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken

part in the sports meeting.

2)Without your help,we couldn't have finished

the work ahead of time.=But for your help,...=If it

had not been for your help,..=Had it not been for

your help...

2. 含蓄条件句

有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件句。

3) I might have given you more help, but I was too busy.

4) A few hours earlier ,you would have been able to meet the famous writer.

常用的有with、without、 but for 、but、or、otherwise等。

1. But for the help of my English teacher, I ________ the first prize in the English writing competition.

A. would not win

B. would not have won

C. would win

D. would have won

Exercise

B

2. They ____ two free tickets to Canada，otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go.

had got 　　　 B. got

C. have got 　 D. get

Exercise

B

otherwise

3. — Why didn’t you buy the flat?

— I____，but I didn’t have the money.

would have 　　

B. bought

C. would like to 　

D. had bought

Exercise

A

but

3.if省略句

1) If I were at school again, I would study harder.=Were I at school again, I would study harder.

2) If you had come earlier,you would have caught the bus.=Had you come earlier,you would have caught the bus.

3) If it should rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.=Should it rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.

1. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A. Were B. Should

C. Would D. Will

Exercise

tomorrow

B

注意：not的位置

Were it not for the expense,I would go abroad now.

1.用于宾语从句中

2.用于主语从句中

3.用于表语从句

4.用于同位语从句中

二. 在名词性从句中

)一 “坚持” (insist)

)二“命令” (order, command)

3.)四“建议” (advise, suggest, propose, recommend)

4.)五“要求” (ask, demand, require, request, desire)

1.用于宾语从句中

+ (that) sb (should) do ...

或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done

1) We suggested that Tom (should )have a rest.

2) He insisted that I (should ) go with him.

3) They requested that Tom (should) be sent to work there.

4) The teacher asked that our homework (should) be finished in time.

1. I advised that you ___ the job as soon as possible .

A finished B finishing

C to finish D finish

2. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ___ be raised.

A should B would

C must D could

3. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there. A. not went  B. won't go C. not go  D. not to go

4.The teacher demanded that the exam ____

before eleven.

A. must finish B. would be finished

C. be finished D. must be finished

注意：insist,suggest

当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist表示“坚持说”之意时，后边的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

1) The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.

2) The man insisted that he had never stolen money.

1. Jane’s pale face suggested that she ___ ill .

A be B was

C should be D is

2.He insisted he ______right.

A. were B. was

C. be D. is

wish 的宾语从句

wish

sb did / wereXXXXX

sb had done XXXXX

sb would/could +V.原

1) I wish I were as tall as Yao Ming.

2) I wish/wished I hadn’t eaten so much watermelon.

3) I wish it would rain tomorrow. If so, I can stay at home to have a good sleep.

1. I wish I ______a bird

A is B were

C will be D are

2. How I wish that I ___ the moon sometime in the future .

A had visited B would visit

C visited D will visit

would rather的宾语从句

would rather

1) I would rather you returned me my money now.

2) I would rather you came tomorrow.

3) I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news.

sb did XXXXX

sb had done XXXXX

 1. I’d rather you ____?me the news.??

A. not tell????????????B. not to tell?????????????????

C. didn’t tell?????????D. hadn’t told

2.用于主语从句中

(1) It is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / requested / required / demanded XXXXX that XXXXX (should) do

1) It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.

2) It’s suggested that the plan (should) be carried out at once .

(2) It’s necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理 应如此的) / important XXXXX

+ that sb (should) do

表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气

1) It’s strange that he should have treated his parents like that.

(3)It is a pity/shame that sb (should) do...

3.用于表语从句

The / One’s order / command /suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that XXXXX (should) do

1) The suggestion given by our teacher is that we(should) practise reading English everyday.

2) The old woman’s demand is that her son(should) come to see her once a week.

4.用于同位语从句中

a / the suggestion / request (等) that XXXXX (should) do XXXXX

1）The teacher give us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.

2）We are in favor of the advice that the factory (should) be closed >>>>>>内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。<<<<<< ned B. learned

C. learn D. would learn

情态动词表示虚拟

1. 本想/打算做某事却没做

2. 本应该做某事却没做

3. 本不该做某事却做了

4. 本能够做某事却没做

5. 宁愿过去做了某事却没做

6. 最好过去做了某事却没做

7. 本不必做某事却做了

would have done

should/ought to have done

shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done

could have done

would rather have done

had better have done

needn’t have done

must have done

might have done

can’t/ couldn’t have done

过去肯定发生了XXXXX

过去可能发生了XXXXX

过去不可能发生XXXXX

Thank You ![文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

以上为《Thesubjunctivemood》的无排版文字预览，完整格式请下载

下载前请仔细阅读上面文字预览以及下方图片预览。图片预览是什么样的，下载的文档就是什么样的。