李某某2018中小学远程教育Unit-4-Astronomy

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人教课标

高二 必修 5 Unit 1

3

武邑宏达学校

李某某

2018年远程

Book III Unit 4 Astronomy

Teaching Process

Step one Revision

Step two Language Points

Step three Home work

Step one

revison

1. No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.

No one sees what he’s saying, as it is too hard.

仿写：没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。

2. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.

begin with=start with：“以XXXXXXXXXX开始”.

1) to begin with=to start with 以XXXXX为起点; 开始(做)

这两个词组都可以单独使用,表示“首先; 第一; 起

初; 最初”。 在句中作时间状语。

e.g. To begin/start with, I couldn’t like him at all.

起初, 我一句也没弄明白。

3. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.

What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.

[考点] what引导的主语从句，第一句what 在从句中作become的宾语，第二句what在从句中作主语。

[考例1] _____ was most important to

her, she told me, was her family.

A. It B. This C. What D. As

[点拨]选B。what引导主语从句，并在

从句中作主语。若选it则应去掉第二个

is；as引导定语从句，若选as则应去掉is

that。

[考例2] ______ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A. It B. What

C. As D. Which

[点拨] what引导主语从句并且在从句中作say and do的宾语。

Language points

Step two

1. ______________________（使大家吃惊的是）is that he didn’t come to the meeting.

What surprised everybody

2. ___________（他所做的）added to our

difficulty.

What he did

仿写: 李老师明天将去北京，直到那时才能知道谁将代替她给我们上课。

___________________________________________________________________

________

Who will give us lessons in place of Miss Li isn’t known until tomorrow when she will go to Beijing.

3. The earth became so violent that it

was not clear whether the shape would

last or not.

1) violent 猛烈的，激烈的

2) whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;而if只能引导宾语从句。

引导宾语从句既可以用whether, 也可以用if, 两者常可以互换。

He asked me whether / if I could lend him my bike.

Could you tell us whether / if it snows in winter in Australia?

4. XXXXXas the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.

随着地球的冷却, 地球的表面就开始出现了水。

1) cool down 变凉, 冷却,平息, 冷静

晒了一天的太阳之后, 他喜欢在海水中凉快

一下。

After a day in the sun, he liked to

__________ in the sea.

他的话平息了她的怒气。

His words _____________ her anger.

cool down

cooled down

2) appear “出现, 似乎”是不及物动词当表示 “似乎, 好像”时是系动词, 该词无被动语态。

Our teacher appeared on TV this morning.

I. 含义上的差异

appear 是指根据事物的外表表象做出判断的, 但实质上并不一定如此; seem是表示说话人主观上的判断, 暗含有一定的根据, 往往接近事实的判断; look是根据视觉印象而得出的判断, 实质上也可能如此。

II. 用法上的差异

appear, look, seem后均可带名词、形容语、to be结构。

The man who came yesterday appeared / seemed / looked an honest man. 昨天来的那个人看来是一个诚实的人。

b. look可用于进行时, 而seem, appear 一般不能。

He is looking very happy. 他现在看起来很高兴。

5. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

Chain reaction 连锁反应

Make it possible for life to develop.

使生命的发展成为可能

make it + adj./n. sb. /sth. to do sth.

组长让我们可以一起合作。

The group leader

____________________________________.

老师让他们跟容易地明白那个问题。

The teacher ________________________________________________.

make it possible for us to work together

made it easy for them to understand

the question

6. They produced young generally by laying eggs.

lay-laid-laid-laying 放, 把......放在......; 产卵

He laid his books on the desk.

注意:

lay (laid; laid; laying) 放置;产卵

lie (lay; lain; lying) 躺;位于

lie (lied; lied; lying) 说谎

The naughty boy ___ to me that the hen that ___ there just now had ___ two eggs the day before.

A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lain

C. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laid

D

7. XXXXX they gave birth to young baby animals

1) 生（孩子）

She’s just given birth to a healthy baby girl.

她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。

2) 产生

The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.

这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。

8. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中, 这就是使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。

阅读下列句子, 注意prevent ... from的意思和用法。

1. There was nothing to prevent her from doing so.

2. We must prevent the water from being polluted.

3. The emperor ordered his porters to prevent the speaker entering the building.

[归纳] prevent ... from的意思是____________________________。from后多跟动词-ing形式(句1、句2)；有时可省略from(句3)。

[拓展] 近义短语有: stop ... from 阻止XXXXXXXXXX干某事; keep ... from 阻止XXXXXXXXXX干某事。注意: prevent和stop后的from都可以省略, 而keep ... from 中的from则不能省略，如果省略了, 其意义将发生改变。

制止、阻止、使XXXXXXXXXX不做某事

1). No one can prevent the plans ___ out.

A. to be carried B. from carrying

C. not to carry D. from being carried

2). They tried to prevent the plane from ___ on the runway.

A. land B. landing

C. to land D. being landed

9. XXXXXthe earth may become too hot to live on.

地球可能会因此变得太热而不适合生物的生存。

有关too的一些用法

too作 “太” 讲。

There is too much water.水太多了。

This shirt is too large for me. 这衬衫我穿起来太大。

The problem is rather too hard for me. 这个问题对我来说太难了。

2) 当“too ＋adj.(形容词)＋inf.(动词不定式)”时, 有两种不同的意义, 一种为“太XXXXXXXXXX以至(不)XXXXXXXXXX”, 在翻译时要加上一个否定词;另一种是“太XXXXXXXXXX”, 语意肯定, 但too后的形容词常用ready, heavy, beautiful等。

The question is too hard to understand.问题太难, 理解不了。

He is too proud to see his own shortcomings. 他太骄傲了以至于看不到自己的缺点。

You are too ready to find fault with others. 你太爱挑别人的毛病了。

3) 在“cannot／can never...too”结构中，应理解为“无论怎样XXXXXXXXXX也不会过分”。

You cannot praise him too highly. 你无论怎样表扬他也不过分。

We cannot be too careful in doing experiments. 我们做实验无论怎样小心也不过分。

You can never be too careful of your health. 你越注意健康越好。

I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。

1. This _____ (理论) helps to explain how animals communicate with each other.

2. The final cost could be as much as one b_____ dollars.

3. 31 people have been injured in _____ (暴力的) incidents throughout the day.

课文基础练习

theory

billion

violent

4. Across the g_____, sea level varies by hundreds of feet.

5. A(n) _____ (原子) is so small that we can not see it.

6. Smoking is h______ to health, but some people cannot get rid of it.

7. The best way to get that _____________ (二氧化碳) into the atmosphere is to warm the entire planet.

globe

atom

harmful

carbon dioxide

II. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. The ship rocked _________ (violent) from side to side, causing many passengers to feel seasick.

2. There is a ___________ (fundament) difference in attitude between these two politicians.

3. It is generally accepted that smoking is _______ (harm) to our health.

violently

fundamental

harmful

III. 用适当的介词填空。

1. According ___ our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.

2. To begin _____, we ought to know what we are studying for.

3. When the fire broke out in the movie theater, people lost their heads and ran ___ all directions.

to

with

in

4. The car came to a stop just ___ time to prevent an accident.

5. He usually comes to school early. It’s very ______ him to be so late today.

6. A knowledge of physics is fundamental ___ any understanding of this problem.

7. The smell of rain and wetness was everywhere. It seemed to fill me _____ energy.

in

unlike

to

with

Homework

Step three

Finish all the homework

Finish all the exercises in the student’s book

After today’s lesson, I believe all of my dear boys and girls can master the main point of this class.

We still have some work to do after class. The assignments are as follow:[全文已结束，注意以上仅为全文的文字预览，不包含图片和表格以及排版]

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