unit3 Grammar---Nouns 关某某

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Grammar---Nouns

Teaching aims: 1. Grasp the rules of the Plural [‘plu?r?l] (复数的）form of Nouns(ABC)

2. Training the ability of doing

exercises using the grammar

名词分类

可数名词（个体，集体）

普通名词 student, book, family

不可数名词 water, air, health,

名 advice

词

专有名词 the Great Wall, Smith, China

名词的单某某

(1). He is a _________(学生），but his brothers are ________(工人）.

(2). The doctor is going to pull out one of my ______. ????? A. teeth???????B. tooth?????????C. teeths????????D. toothes

(3). _____turn green in spring. ??????A. Leaf?????????B. Leafs????? C. Leave?????D. Leaves

当可数名词的数大于一时要用复数形式。

特殊用法

A

D

student

workers

一般情况加 -s　1.清辅音后读/s/　 map-maps

book-books　

2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/　 bag-bags

car-cars

名词复数的规则变化(1)(ABC)

以s, sh, ch, x 等结尾的词加 -es　 读 /iz/　 bus-buses 　　　　　　　　　　 box-boxes　 watch-watches

但如果以 ch 结尾的名词发音为 [k]时，只加 s。

stomach — stomachs 读 /s/

名词复数的规则变化(2)(ABC)

以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s变复数：读 /z/ 　 　two Marys　　　　 two boys  monkey---monkeys　 holiday---holidays　　

以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i 再加es ies 读 /iz/　

party-parties baby---babies

名词复数的规则变化(3)(ABC)

以f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时：  1. 去f, fe 加-ves half---halves　　knife---knives　

读 /vz/　 leaf---leaves wolf---wolves

life---lives　 thief---thieves

2. 加-s 读 /s/　(AB) roof---roofs

一个首领(chief)带着一个农奴(serf)在海湾(gulf)的悬崖(cliff)上发现一个屋顶(roof)上面有个保险箱(safe)。

名词复数的规则变化(4)(ABC)

a tomato

some tomatoes

some potatoes

some heroes

名词复数的规则变化(5)(ABC)

1. 以字母o结尾，加 es 读 /z/

Negroes and heroes like eating tomatoes and potatoes.

2. 以字母o结尾，加 s 读 /z/ radio-radios, zoo-zoos piano-pianos, photo- photos,

Some Negroes

一、Write the plural form of each of the following words

school, year, student, girl, desk, chair, teacher, classroom, daughter,

name, table, tree, orange, eye, nose,

class, bus, watch, box,

boy, toy, play, factory, family, city

photo, zoo, potato, radio, tomato,

6. knife, wolf, leaf, roof, wife

7. man, woman, child, foot, sheep, German

二、complete the following sentences

1. The two ___ are in the big box. (basketball)

2. There are two red __ in the street. (bus)

3. There aren’t any __ on the table. (apple)

4. There is some __ in the cup. (water).

5. There are three ___ on the wall. (picture)

foot -- feet

child - children

tooth -- teeth

mouse -- mice

名词复数的不规则变化(1)(ABC)

goose-geese (鹅）

ox-oxen（牛）

man -- men

woman -- women

men doctors

women teachers

one sheep

two sheep

a Chinese

two Chinese

a Japanese

several Japanese

名词复数的不规则变化(2):单某某形式相同

one fish

一条鱼

fishes

不同种类的鱼／各种各样的鱼

three fish

三条鱼

some fish一些鱼肉

可数名词

不可数名词

deer-deer（鹿）means-means（方式） works-works（工厂）

series-series（系列） species-species（种类）

Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday.

A．German B．Germen

C．Germans D．Germens

国家人的名词需要记住三种情况：

1、单某某同形：Chinese; Japanese

2、需要变形：Englishman  Englishmen, Frenchman

3、加 s ：German  Germans， Roman-Romans

?

Tom has two ______, both of whom are teachers in a school. (AB)

A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws

C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law

以连字符号连接的合成名词一般将中心名词变成复数，如：lookers-on(旁观者）; sisters-in-law(嫂子）。如果没有中心名词就在该合成词的最后加 s。如：grown-ups（成年人）。

?

高考链接

（2007）1. Here is ______for you.

A. a good news B. a piece of good news

C. so good news D. many good news

(2008) 2. You will find this map of great ___ in helping you to get round London.

A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness

(2009) 3. On _____ Day, the pupils will have a party on the playground.

A. Child’s B. Childs C. Children’s D. Childrens’

（2010)改错 4. What a great progress you have made recently!

A B C D

B

C

C

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