TheSubjunctiveMood

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The Subjunctive Mood

Grammar

1. If I were Andy Lou, I would be in Hong Kong now.

2. I wish I were a millionaire.

3. We suggest that everyone should help the AIDS patients.

When to use the Subjunctive Mood in English?

hypotheses

wishes

suggestion

虚拟语气

The Subjunctive Mood

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verb structure), 用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 (fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses )愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion) 或怀疑(doubt)等等。

The definition of the Subjunctive Mood

1. 虚拟语气在条件句中

1) “表示与现在情况相反的假设情况”, 条件从句一般用过去时,主句用would do, should do 或 might /could do;

虚拟语气应该注意的几点:

2) “表示与过去事实相反的假设情况”, 条件从句用过去完成时, 主句用would have done, should have done, might / could have done.

The old men would find it difficult to get a job if they left the farm.

I should be surprised if it was less than five pounds.

If I frightened those birds, they might fly off and I would never see them again.

If I were you, I would accept the offer.

If I were asked to define my mood, I’d say “bored”.

If he had taken his doctor’s advice, he might not have died so soon.

If he had realized that, he would have run away while there was still time.

If she had not married, she could have become special in the filed.

2. 虚拟语气在条件句也可用来表示“将来不太可能出现的情况”, 条件从句用 should do, were to do或一般过去时, 主句用 would do, should do, could/might do.

If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would have to be put off.

I could see the surface of the moon with my own eyes if I were to go to the moon some day.

What would you do if he failed to come tomorrow?

注意: 含有 should 的条件句, 主句可以 用一般现在时或一般将来时. 例如:

If there should be another flood, what shall we do?

Ask her to leave a message if she should come.

3. 在正式英语文体中, if 从句中的第一个动词如果是should, were 或 had, 可将此动词置于句首, 替代 if．例如：

Were it all true, it would still not excuse their actions.

Had the captain been more careful, his ship would not have sunk.

Should any visitors come, I would say you are not here.

1. If he had not lost his money, he ___ the piano last week. A. would buy B. had bought C. bought D. could have bought

2. If we were to be 200 years old, we ___ everything. A. will change B. can change C. could change D. changed

Practise

3. If you __ that film last night, you would not be so sleepy now. A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. wouldn’t seen D. hadn’t seen

4. You are late. If you __ a little minutes earlier, you __ him.

A. came, would meet

B. had come, would have met

C. came, would have met

D. were to come, would meet

5. But for the storm, we __ a pleasant journey.

A. should have B. have had

C. would have D. should have had

6. ___ to do the work, I should do it some other day.

A. If were I B. I were

C. Were I D. Was I

7. Without the computer, the problem __ in such a short time.

A. couldn’t be solved

B. wouldn’t have solved

C. couldn’t have been solved

8. Without electricity, human life __ quite different today. A. will be B. were to be C. would be D. is

根据括号中的提示翻译下列句子。

1. 如果你接受了我的建议，你现在就好了。（错综时间条件句）

2. 如果你提前告诉我，我就去机场接他了。（省略if的条件句）

If you had taken my advice, you would

be all right now.

Had you told me in advance, I would

have met him at the airport.

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