张某某必修五 Unit 1 Great scientists-Reading

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人教课标版

高二必修5 Unit 1

**_*学 张某某

姚

Reading

Warming Up

There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.

Alexander Bell electricity

Thomas Edison the First telephone

Laite Brothers the electric Lamp

Madame Curie black holes in Universe

Franklin Theory of Gravity

Steven Hawking the First Plane

Elbert Einstein Radium

Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Archimedes (阿基米德)

Which scientist discovered that objects in water are

lifted up by a force that helps them float?

Charles Darwin.

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?

Thomas Newcomen.

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who invented the first steam engine?

Gregor Mendel

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?

Marie Curie

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who discovered radium?

Thomas Edison

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?

Leonardo da Vinci

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?

Humphry Davy

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?

张衡

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?

Stephen Hawking

Who is he?

He is XXXXX

Who put forward a theory about black holes?

Lead-in

Supply the following words with detail.

John Snow

Cholera

John Snow

(1813-1858)

John Snow was born in York on March 15th, 1813, the oldest of nine children.

York

London

His father worked as a laborer. While poor, his parents were determined to give their children whatever educational opportunities they could afford. He was educated at a private school in his native city until the age of fourteen, when he was apprenticed(当学徒) to William Hardcastle, a surgeon(外科医生) living at Newcastle-on-Tyne.

After serving for a short time as a surgeon and unqualified assistant during the cholera epidemic of 1831-1982, he became in October 1836 a student at the Hunterian School of medicine in Great Windmill Street, London. He began to attend the medical practice at the Westminster Hospital in the following October.

He graduated M.D. of the University of London on 20 Dec. 1844, and in 1850 he was admitted a licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians.

He designed a chloroform inhaler(氯仿吸入器), described in his book, On Chloroform and other Anesthetics, published in 1858.

Dr. Snow was also a prominent anesthesiologist(麻醉师)

What else was he famous for?

What is Cholera?

Cholera is the illness caused by a bacterium called Vibria cholerae. It infects people’s intestines(肠), causing diarrhea(腹泻), vomiting(呕吐) and leg cramps(小腿抽筋).

The most common cause of cholera is by someone eating food or drinking water that has been contaminated with the

bacteria.

After a disaster, this is a very real danger, since regular, clean water and food supplies are often unavailable. The disease can be spread even further by infected people using already dirty water sources to clean themselves or dispose of waste.

Cholera can be mild or even without

symptoms, a severe case can lead to

death without immediate treatment. The

diarrhea and vomiting brought on by the

infection quickly leaves the body without

enough fluid. The following

dehydration(脱水) and shock can kill a

person within hours.

Look at the picture, the title and the map, guess what the content of the text is. Then skim it quickly to see if you are right.

When we want to solve some problem. First we should find the problem, do some research on it, prove your finding, and then make a conclusion. This is a scientific and objective way of researching.

1. What order would you put the seven in?

Pre-reading

Please put the

7 stages in right order according to the passage.

Infectious diseases can be spread to

other people. They have an unknown

cause and need public health care to

solve them.

2. What do you know about infectious diseases?

Repel (回避) may be exposed to an infectious diseases, so may animals, such as bird flu. AIDS, SARS are infectious diseases.

Infectious diseases are difficult to cure.

Cholera is the illness caused by a bacterium called Varian cholera. If infects people’s intestines(肠胃), causing diarrhea(腹泻), vomiting(呕吐) and leg cramps (小腿抽筋).

3. What do you know about cholera?

The most common cause of cholera is by someone eating food or drinking water that has been contaminated(污染) with the bacteria.

Cholera can be mild(不严重的) or

even without symptoms(症状), but a

severe case can lead to death without

immediately treatment.

Germany

Great Britain

Death of first cholera case in London during the 1848-49 epidemic

London

Previous cholera epidemic in Great Britain in 1831-32

The spread of cholera

John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”

What is the problem?

Cholera was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure

was understood.

What’s the cause of cholera?

Make a question: two theories

1. Cholera multiplied in the air.

A cloud of dangerous gas floated

around until it found its victims.

2. People absorbed it with their meals.

Broad Street

Many deaths happened here.

No death happened here.

The water from the pump was to blame.

Public house

Small, white, flocculent particles

The water was from the river

which had been polluted by

the dirty water from London.

Find supporting evidence: What extra evidence did he find?

A woman and her daughter who lived far away but drank the water also died.

Draw a conclusion with certainty

The polluted water

carried the virus.

I. Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.

Many people died of cholera.

John Snow tried to find out its _____ and ____

People drank water from the pump in ______ Street.

Most died.

cause

cure

Broad

Comprehending

Families were given free beer in the pub at __________ Street.

People removed the ______ from the water pump.

People had no________

The disease ___________

Cambridge

deaths

handle

slowed down

_______ water carried the disease.

Theory 2 that people ________ the disease with their meals proved right. And theory 1 was wrong.

________ the source of all the water supplies.

Polluted

absorbed

Examine

II. True (T) or false (F):

1. Cholera would never be controlled even if its cause was found.

2. The disease attacked the body quickly from the stomach and soon the affected person died.

3. John Snow began to collect the information before the disease spread.

F

T

F

4. In two particular streets, 500 pe >>>>>>内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。<<<<<< a(腹泻), vomiting(呕吐) and

dehydration(脱水)

Many deaths in African countries in 2005

and even now

5oo deaths in 10 days in 1854 in London.

Spread from one person to another. So it is an infectious Disease.

infect/affect people

other infectious diseases?

AIDS

TB(肺结核)

bird-flu

serious

deadly

severe

SARS

Who made a great contribution

in fighting against SARS?

Dr. Zhong Nanshan[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

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