非谓语动词

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Non-finite VerbDo the?exercise?individually, and then?check?your?answers?with?your partners.Now check your?answers1-4named, to find, climbing, asking5-8to take, to return, developed, viewing当句子中已经有谓语动词，而我们又要

表达不止一个动作概念时，其余的动词

可以使用非谓语形式表达。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式。非谓语动词的句法功能：类别成分1. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do __________ (work) with students.

2. It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ (go) for a swim?

3. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and __________ (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.

4. We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs ___________ (do) to achieve the final success.考点题例一 working going being reduced to be done考点梳理非谓语动词(to do,

v-ing)作宾语 这些动词有：

mind, avoid, finish, escape, practise, suggest, consider, forbid, advise, risk, miss, delay, admit, appreciate, deny, endure, excuse, imagine, give up, be used to, devote to, look forward to, insist on, put off, feel like, be busy, be worth, keep on, waste / spend...(in) doing sth., have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.等 1. 有些动词只接-ing作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语，尤其是这些动词的-ing的复合结构形式，更要引起我们的注意。a. The squirrel was lucky that it just

missed being caught.

b. I can hardly imagine Peter sailing

across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

c. I would appreciate your calling

back this afternoon.offer, learn, plan, demand, ask, beg, promise, agree, help, prepare, decide, choose, determine, refuse, dare, manage, wish, hope, expect, want, fail, pretend, order, cause, afford, seem, happen, warn等。 2. 有些动词只能接不定式作宾语，不能接v-ing作宾语。如：a. She pretended not to see me when I

passed by.

b. We agreed to meet here but so far she

hasn’t turned up yet.

c. In order to gain a bigger share in the

international market, many state-run

companies are striving to make their

products more competitive.I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon. 3. 有些动词可接-ing或不定式作宾语，且意义相差不大。这类动词有：begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。一般来说，这些动词接-ing作宾语通常指抽象的、一般的行为；而接不定式则强调具体动作。有些动词后面既可接-ing又可接不定式作宾语，但接V-ing和不定式意义差别很大。试比较： 记得做过某事记住要做某事忘记做过某事忘记要做某事后悔做了某事很遗憾要做某事继续做原来做的事接着做另一件事意味着要做某事想要做某事停止做某事停下来（别的事）开始做某事试着做某事努力做某事习惯于做某事被用来做某事禁不住做某事不能帮助做某事① She reached the top of the hill and

stopped to rest on a big rock by the side

of the path.

② — The light in the office is still on.

— Oh, I forgot to turn it off.

③ — I usually go there by train.

— Why not try going by boat for a

change?

④ — You were brave enough to raise

objections at the meeting.

— Well, now I regret having done that.4. 在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit, consider后直接跟-ing作宾语；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用to do做宾补。即：allow/ permit/ forbid/ advise/ consider sb. to do sth.

doing sth.如：

Smoking is forbidden here so we don’t allow you to smoke.

We don’t allow smoking in the hall.5. 以下两组用法需要注意： need/ require/ want to be done

-ing

sb. to do sth.(需要/要求/想要)(需要) be worth + n./-ing n.(表钱数或表价格的名词除外)

being donebe worthy ofto be done1. One learns a language by making mistakes and __________ (correct) them.

2. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from __________ (attack) in the South China Sea.

3. — How did you know the surprising news?

— I happened __________ (cover) the event then.练一练 correctingbeing attackedto be covering1. To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study __________ (conduct) in Australia in 2012.

2. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _________ (hide) within the work.

3. The park was full of people, _________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.

4. Volunteering gives you a chance _________ (change) lives, including your own.考点题例二 conductedenjoyinghidden to change考点梳理非谓语动词(to do,

v-ing, v-ed)作定语(a) She was very busy and had no time

to visit her friends.

(b) Ladies and gentlemen, I have

something important to tell you.Ⅰ to do作定语1. 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后2. 当被the first, the last, the only等词以及形容词最高级修饰时3. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. She is always the first to come and the last to leave.注意比较：1) Have you anything to send?

你有什么东西要寄吗？

2) Have you anything to be sent?

你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？

（不定式to send的动作执行者是you）（不定式to be sent的动作执行者是

已被省略的me或someone else）Please pass me some paper to write _____. on4. 也可用在have … to do和there be

句型中。 There is no one to take care of her.

I have no jewelry to wear. 5. 如果不定式是不及物动词, 则后面需加上适当的介词。building materials

drinking water

a walking stick

a reading room

a writing desk

tiring music

a surprising result= a result that is surprising

一个惊人的结果Ⅱ -ing作定语建筑材料

= materials for building = water for drinking 饮用水= a stick for walking 手杖= a room for reading 阅览室= a desk for writing 写字台= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。2. -ing形式短语作定语时，放在所修

饰的名词之后，并且在意思上相当于

一个定语从句。

They lived in a room facing the street.

= They lived in a room that faces the

street.

他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father.

= The man who is standing there is

Peter’s father.

站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。

Anybody swimming in this river will be

fined.

= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.

在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚

款。 3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。

His brother, working as a teacher,

lives in Beijing.

= His brother, who is working as a

teacher, lives in Beijing.

他的哥哥住在北京，是个教师。 The apple tree, swaying gently in

the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.

= The apple tree, which was swaying

gently in the breeze, had a good crop

of fruit.

那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻

轻摇曳。单个-ed作定语a. 及物动词的-ed形式具有被动和完成意义。b. 不及物动词的-ed形式具有主动和完成意义。a grown woman 一位成年妇女

an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯a broken cup 一个破杯子

a wounded soldier 一名伤员Ⅲ -ed作定语2. -ed短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。

a. the color TV set produced last year

= the color TV set that was produced last year

去年生产的彩色电视机

b. a letter written to me by my daughter

= a letter that was written to me by my

daughter

一封我女儿写给我的信The boy injured (=who was injured) in

the accident was taken to hospital.

2) Some of the people invited (=who were invited) to the party can’t come.

3) Most of the goods made (=which are made) in the factory are exported.More examples:4) The window broken (=which was

broken) in the storm has now been

repaired.

5) Have you finished the exercises given

(=which were given) by Mr. Li?

6) The teacher is a very enthusiastic

woman called (who is called) Mrs.

Shen.1. Last night, there were millions of people __________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.

2. There’s a note pointed to the door __________ (say) when the shop will open again.

3. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras __________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.

4. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ___________ (stay) away.< 内容过长，仅展示头部和尾部部分文字预览，全文请查看图片预览。 she went to a very high mountain and found a big rock. Looking up at the sky, she hid behind the rock, then came out, then hid again…

___________ (worry) about their child, her parents were looking for her everywhere. They saw her light __________ (appear) and disappearing off in the distance. They flew to find her. __________ (have) adventure, the little star learnt many things...Seeing Worrying appearingscaringHaving hadmissingThank you.[文章尾部最后500字内容到此结束,中间部分内容请查看底下的图片预览]

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